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49 lines
1.7 KiB
49 lines
1.7 KiB
Control statements are almost exactly as they sound, statements that control our programs.
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Well, they control the flow of our code.
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With control statements we can change the course of our programs based on various conditions.
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\subsection{If Statements}
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If stataments allow us to execute a given block of code based on a given condition.
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There are three main parts to an if statement \pigVal{if}, the \pigVal{conditional} and a \pigVal{code block}.
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={If Statement}]
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name = ``brett''
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if( name == ``brett'' )
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print ``Name is brett''
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\end{lstlisting}
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In this simple example the code block \pigOut{print ``Name is brett''} will only execute if the conditional \pigOut{name == ``brett''} is true.
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So the output of this code will be \pigOut{Name is brett}.
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={False If Statement}]
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name = ``brett''
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if( name == ``john'' )
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print ``Name is john''
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\end{lstlisting}
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In this example there will be no output, this is because the conditional \pigOut{name == ``john''} equates to false so the code block \pigOut{print ``Name is john''} will never get executed.
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\subsection{If-Else Statements}
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If statements are great and help us execute portions of our code based on the values of other variables, including based on input from users.
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But what if the condition of the if statement equates to false?
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With if statements we can append an else statement and a block of code to the end of an if statement that will get called if the if statement is false.
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\subsection{Else If Statements}
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\subsection{For Loops}
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\subsection{While Loops}
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\subsection{Do-While Loops}
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\subsection{Switch Stataments}
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\subsection{Break Statments}
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\subsection{Continue Stataments}
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\subsection{Conclusion}
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